openssl/apps/pkcs12.c

/* pkcs12.c */
/* Written by Dr Stephen N Henson (shenson@bigfoot.com) for the OpenSSL
 * project 1999.
 */
/* ====================================================================
 * Copyright (c) 1999 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 
 *
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *    distribution.
 *
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
 *    software must display the following acknowledgment:
 *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
 *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.OpenSSL.org/)"
 *
 * 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
 *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 *    prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
 *    licensing@OpenSSL.org.
 *
 * 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
 *    nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
 *    permission of the OpenSSL Project.
 *
 * 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
 *    acknowledgment:
 *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
 *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.OpenSSL.org/)"
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
 * EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
 * ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
 * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
 * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 * ====================================================================
 *
 * This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
 * (eay@cryptsoft.com).  This product includes software written by Tim
 * Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
 *
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <openssl/des.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/pkcs12.h>

#include "apps.h"
#define PROG pkcs12_main

EVP_CIPHER *enc;


#define NOKEYS		0x1
#define NOCERTS 	0x2
#define INFO		0x4
#define CLCERTS		0x8
#define CACERTS		0x10

int get_cert_chain(X509 *cert, STACK_OF(X509) **chain);
int dump_cert_text (BIO *out, X509 *x);
int dump_certs_keys_p12(BIO *out, PKCS12 *p12, char *pass, int passlen, int options);
int dump_certs_pkeys_bags(BIO *out, STACK *bags, char *pass, int passlen, int options);
int dump_certs_pkeys_bag(BIO *out, PKCS12_SAFEBAG *bags, char *pass, int passlen, int options);
int print_attribs(BIO *out, STACK_OF(X509_ATTRIBUTE) *attrlst, char *name);
void hex_prin(BIO *out, unsigned char *buf, int len);
int alg_print(BIO *x, X509_ALGOR *alg);
int cert_load(BIO *in, STACK_OF(X509) *sk);
int MAIN(int argc, char **argv)
{
    char *infile=NULL, *outfile=NULL, *keyname = NULL;	
    char *certfile=NULL;
    BIO *in=NULL, *out = NULL, *inkey = NULL, *certsin = NULL;
    char **args;
    char *name = NULL;
    PKCS12 *p12 = NULL;
    char pass[50], macpass[50];
    int export_cert = 0;
    int options = 0;
    int chain = 0;
    int badarg = 0;
    int iter = PKCS12_DEFAULT_ITER;
    int maciter = 1;
    int twopass = 0;
    int keytype = 0;
    int cert_pbe = NID_pbe_WithSHA1And40BitRC2_CBC;
    int ret = 1;
    int macver = 1;
    int noprompt = 0;
    STACK *canames = NULL;
    char *cpass = NULL, *mpass = NULL;

    apps_startup();

    enc = EVP_des_ede3_cbc();
    if (bio_err == NULL ) bio_err = BIO_new_fp (stderr, BIO_NOCLOSE);

    args = argv + 1;


    while (*args) {
	if (*args[0] == '-') {
		if (!strcmp (*args, "-nokeys")) options |= NOKEYS;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-keyex")) keytype = KEY_EX;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-keysig")) keytype = KEY_SIG;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-nocerts")) options |= NOCERTS;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-clcerts")) options |= CLCERTS;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-cacerts")) options |= CACERTS;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-noout")) options |= (NOKEYS|NOCERTS);
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-info")) options |= INFO;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-chain")) chain = 1;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-twopass")) twopass = 1;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-nomacver")) macver = 0;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-descert"))
    			cert_pbe = NID_pbe_WithSHA1And3_Key_TripleDES_CBC;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-export")) export_cert = 1;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-des")) enc=EVP_des_cbc();
#ifndef NO_IDEA
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-idea")) enc=EVP_idea_cbc();
#endif
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-des3")) enc = EVP_des_ede3_cbc();
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-noiter")) iter = 1;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-maciter"))
					 maciter = PKCS12_DEFAULT_ITER;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-nodes")) enc=NULL;
		else if (!strcmp (*args, "-inkey")) {
		    if (args[1]) {
			args++;	
			keyname = *args;
		    } else badarg = 1;
		} else if (!strcmp (*args, "-certfile")) {
		    if (args[1]) {
			args++;	
			certfile = *args;
		    } else badarg = 1;
		} else if (!strcmp (*args, "-name")) {
		    if (args[1]) {
			args++;	
			name = *args;
		    } else badarg = 1;
		} else if (!strcmp (*args, "-caname")) {
		    if (args[1]) {
			args++;	
			if (!canames) canames = sk_new(NULL);
			sk_push(canames, *args);
		    } else badarg = 1;
		} else if (!strcmp (*args, "-in")) {
		    if (args[1]) {
			args++;	
			infile = *args;
		    } else badarg = 1;
		} else if (!strcmp (*args, "-out")) {
		    if (args[1]) {
			args++;	
			outfile = *args;
		    } else badarg = 1;
		} else if (!strcmp (*args, "-envpass")) {
		    if (args[1]) {
			args++;	
			if(!(cpass = getenv(*args))) {
				BIO_printf(bio_err,
				 "Can't read environment variable %s\n", *args);
				goto end;
			}
			noprompt = 1;
		    } else badarg = 1;
		} else if (!strcmp (*args, "-password")) {
		    if (args[1]) {
			args++;	
			cpass = *args;
		    	noprompt = 1;
		    } else badarg = 1;
		} else badarg = 1;

	} else badarg = 1;
	args++;
    }

    if (badarg) {
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "Usage: pkcs12 [options]\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "where options are\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-export       output PKCS12 file\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-chain        add certificate chain\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-inkey file   private key if not infile\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-certfile f   add all certs in f\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-name \"name\"  use name as friendly name\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-caname \"nm\"  use nm as CA friendly name (can be used more than once).\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-in  infile   input filename\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-out outfile  output filename\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-noout        don't output anything, just verify.\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-nomacver     don't verify MAC.\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-nocerts      don't output certificates.\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-clcerts      only output client certificates.\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-cacerts      only output CA certificates.\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-nokeys       don't output private keys.\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-info         give info about PKCS#12 structure.\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-des          encrypt private keys with DES\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-des3         encrypt private keys with triple DES (default)\n");
#ifndef NO_IDEA
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-idea         encrypt private keys with idea\n");
#endif
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-nodes        don't encrypt private keys\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-noiter       don't use encryption iteration\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-maciter      use MAC iteration\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-twopass      separate MAC, encryption passwords\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-descert      encrypt PKCS#12 certificates with triple DES (default RC2-40)\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-keyex        set MS key exchange type\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-keysig       set MS key signature type\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-password p   set import/export password (NOT RECOMMENDED)\n");
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "-envpass p    set import/export password from environment\n");
    	goto end;
    }

    if(cpass) mpass = cpass;
    else {
	cpass = pass;
	mpass = macpass;
    }

    ERR_load_crypto_strings();

    if (!infile) in = BIO_new_fp(stdin, BIO_NOCLOSE);
    else in = BIO_new_file(infile, "rb");
    if (!in) {
	    BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error opening input file %s\n",
						infile ? infile : "<stdin>");
	    perror (infile);
	    goto end;
   }

   if (certfile) {
    	if(!(certsin = BIO_new_file(certfile, "r"))) {
	    BIO_printf(bio_err, "Can't open certificate file %s\n", certfile);
	    perror (certfile);
	    goto end;
	}
    }

    if (keyname) {
    	if(!(inkey = BIO_new_file(keyname, "r"))) {
	    BIO_printf(bio_err, "Can't key certificate file %s\n", keyname);
	    perror (keyname);
	    goto end;
	}
     }

    if (!outfile) out = BIO_new_fp(stdout, BIO_NOCLOSE);
    else out = BIO_new_file(outfile, "wb");
    if (!out) {
	BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error opening output file %s\n",
						outfile ? outfile : "<stdout>");
	perror (outfile);
	goto end;
    }
    if (twopass) {
	if(EVP_read_pw_string (macpass, 50, "Enter MAC Password:", export_cert))
	{
    	    BIO_printf (bio_err, "Can't read Password\n");
    	    goto end;
       	}
    }

if (export_cert) {
	EVP_PKEY *key;
	STACK *bags, *safes;
	PKCS12_SAFEBAG *bag;
	PKCS8_PRIV_KEY_INFO *p8;
	PKCS7 *authsafe;
	X509 *cert = NULL, *ucert = NULL;
	STACK_OF(X509) *certs;
	char *catmp;
	int i;
	unsigned char keyid[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE];
	unsigned int keyidlen = 0;
	key = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(inkey ? inkey : in, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	if (!inkey) (void) BIO_reset(in);
	if (!key) {
		BIO_printf (bio_err, "Error loading private key\n");
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		goto end;
	}

	certs = sk_X509_new(NULL);

	/* Load in all certs in input file */
	if(!cert_load(in, certs)) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error loading certificates from input\n");
		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
		goto end;
	}

	for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_num(certs); i++) {
		ucert = sk_X509_value(certs, i);
		if(X509_check_private_key(ucert, key)) {
			X509_digest(cert, EVP_sha1(), keyid, &keyidlen);
			break;
		}
	}

	if(!keyidlen) {
		BIO_printf(bio_err, "No certificate matches private key\n");
		goto end;
	}
	
	bags = sk_new (NULL);

	/* Add any more certificates asked for */
	if (certsin) {
		if(!cert_load(certsin, certs)) {
			BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error loading certificates from certfile\n");
			ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
			goto end;
		}
	    	BIO_free(certsin);
 	}

	/* If chaining get chain from user cert */
	if (chain) {
        	int vret;
		STACK_OF(X509) *chain2;
		vret = get_cert_chain (ucert, &chain2);
		if (vret) {
			BIO_printf (bio_err, "Error %s getting chain.\n",
					X509_verify_cert_error_string(vret));
			goto end;
		}
		/* Exclude verified certificate */
		for (i = 1; i < sk_X509_num (chain2) ; i++) 
				 sk_X509_push(certs, sk_X509_value (chain2, i));
		sk_X509_free(chain2);
			
    	}

	/* We now have loads of certificates: include them all */
	for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_num(certs); i++) {
		cert = sk_X509_value(certs, i);
		bag = M_PKCS12_x5092certbag(cert);
		/* If it matches private key set id */
		if(cert == ucert) {
			if(name) PKCS12_add_friendlyname(bag, name, -1);
			PKCS12_add_localkeyid(bag, keyid, keyidlen);
		} else if((catmp = sk_shift(canames))) 
				PKCS12_add_friendlyname(bag, catmp, -1);
		sk_push(bags, (char *)bag);
	}

	if (canames) sk_free(canames);

	if(!noprompt &&
		EVP_read_pw_string(pass, 50, "Enter Export Password:", 1)) {
	    BIO_printf (bio_err, "Can't read Password\n");
	    goto end;
        }
	if (!twopass) strcpy(macpass, pass);
	/* Turn certbags into encrypted authsafe */
	authsafe = PKCS12_pack_p7encdata(cert_pbe, cpass, -1, NULL, 0,
								 iter, bags);
	sk_pop_free(bags, PKCS12_SAFEBAG_free);

	if (!authsafe) {
		ERR_print_errors (bio_err);
		goto end;
	}

	safes = sk_new (NULL);
	sk_push (safes, (char *)authsafe);

	/* Make a shrouded key bag */
	p8 = EVP_PKEY2PKCS8 (key);
	EVP_PKEY_free(key);
	if(keytype) PKCS8_add_keyusage(p8, keytype);
	bag = PKCS12_MAKE_SHKEYBAG(NID_pbe_WithSHA1And3_Key_TripleDES_CBC,
			cpass, -1, NULL, 0, iter, p8);
	PKCS8_PRIV_KEY_INFO_free(p8);
        if (name) PKCS12_add_friendlyname (bag, name, -1);
	PKCS12_add_localkeyid (bag, keyid, keyidlen);
	bags = sk_new(NULL);
	sk_push (bags, (char *)bag);
	/* Turn it into unencrypted safe bag */
	authsafe = PKCS12_pack_p7data (bags);
	sk_pop_free(bags, PKCS12_SAFEBAG_free);
	sk_push (safes, (char *)authsafe);

	p12 = PKCS12_init (NID_pkcs7_data);

	M_PKCS12_pack_authsafes (p12, safes);

	sk_pop_free(safes, PKCS7_free);

	PKCS12_set_mac (p12, mpass, -1, NULL, 0, maciter, NULL);

	i2d_PKCS12_bio (out, p12);

	PKCS12_free(p12);

	ret = 0;
	goto end;
	
    }

    if (!(p12 = d2i_PKCS12_bio (in, NULL))) {
	ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
	goto end;
    }

    if(!noprompt && EVP_read_pw_string(pass, 50, "Enter Import Password:", 0)) {
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "Can't read Password\n");
	goto end;
    }

    if (!twopass) strcpy(macpass, pass);

    if (options & INFO) BIO_printf (bio_err, "MAC Iteration %ld\n", p12->mac->iter ? ASN1_INTEGER_get (p12->mac->iter) : 1);
    if(macver) {
	if (!PKCS12_verify_mac (p12, mpass, -1)) {
	    BIO_printf (bio_err, "Mac verify errror: invalid password?\n");
	    ERR_print_errors (bio_err);
	    goto end;
	} else BIO_printf (bio_err, "MAC verified OK\n");
    }

    if (!dump_certs_keys_p12 (out, p12, cpass, -1, options)) {
	BIO_printf(bio_err, "Error outputting keys and certificates\n");
	ERR_print_errors (bio_err);
	goto end;
    }
    PKCS12_free(p12);
    ret = 0;
    end:
    BIO_free(out);
    EXIT(ret);
}

int dump_cert_text (BIO *out, X509 *x)
{
	char buf[256];
	X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(x),buf,256);
	BIO_puts(out,"subject=");
	BIO_puts(out,buf);

	X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_issuer_name(x),buf,256);
	BIO_puts(out,"\nissuer= ");
	BIO_puts(out,buf);
	BIO_puts(out,"\n");
        return 0;
}

int dump_certs_keys_p12 (BIO *out, PKCS12 *p12, char *pass,
	     int passlen, int options)
{
	STACK *asafes, *bags;
	int i, bagnid;
	PKCS7 *p7;
	if (!( asafes = M_PKCS12_unpack_authsafes (p12))) return 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sk_num (asafes); i++) {
		p7 = (PKCS7 *) sk_value (asafes, i);
		bagnid = OBJ_obj2nid (p7->type);
		if (bagnid == NID_pkcs7_data) {
			bags = M_PKCS12_unpack_p7data (p7);
			if (options & INFO) BIO_printf (bio_err, "PKCS7 Data\n");
		} else if (bagnid == NID_pkcs7_encrypted) {
			if (options & INFO) {
				BIO_printf (bio_err, "PKCS7 Encrypted data: ");
				alg_print (bio_err, 
					p7->d.encrypted->enc_data->algorithm);
			}
			bags = M_PKCS12_unpack_p7encdata (p7, pass, passlen);
		} else continue;
		if (!bags) return 0;
	    	if (!dump_certs_pkeys_bags (out, bags, pass, passlen, 
							 options)) {
			sk_pop_free (bags, PKCS12_SAFEBAG_free);
			return 0;
		}
		sk_pop_free (bags, PKCS12_SAFEBAG_free);
	}
	sk_pop_free (asafes, PKCS7_free);
	return 1;
}

int dump_certs_pkeys_bags (BIO *out, STACK *bags, char *pass,
	     int passlen, int options)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < sk_num (bags); i++) {
		if (!dump_certs_pkeys_bag (out,
			 (PKCS12_SAFEBAG *)sk_value (bags, i), pass, passlen,
					 		options)) return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}

int dump_certs_pkeys_bag (BIO *out, PKCS12_SAFEBAG *bag, char *pass,
	     int passlen, int options)
{
	EVP_PKEY *pkey;
	PKCS8_PRIV_KEY_INFO *p8;
	X509 *x509;
	
	switch (M_PKCS12_bag_type(bag))
	{
	case NID_keyBag:
		if (options & INFO) BIO_printf (bio_err, "Key bag\n");
		if (options & NOKEYS) return 1;
		print_attribs (out, bag->attrib, "Bag Attributes");
		p8 = bag->value.keybag;
		if (!(pkey = EVP_PKCS82PKEY (p8))) return 0;
		print_attribs (out, p8->attributes, "Key Attributes");
		PEM_write_bio_PrivateKey (out, pkey, enc, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
		EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
	break;

	case NID_pkcs8ShroudedKeyBag:
		if (options & INFO) {
			BIO_printf (bio_err, "Shrouded Keybag: ");
			alg_print (bio_err, bag->value.shkeybag->algor);
		}
		if (options & NOKEYS) return 1;
		print_attribs (out, bag->attrib, "Bag Attributes");
		if (!(p8 = M_PKCS12_decrypt_skey (bag, pass, passlen)))
				return 0;
		if (!(pkey = EVP_PKCS82PKEY (p8))) return 0;
		print_attribs (out, p8->attributes, "Key Attributes");
		PKCS8_PRIV_KEY_INFO_free(p8);
		PEM_write_bio_PrivateKey (out, pkey, enc, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
		EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
	break;

	case NID_certBag:
		if (options & INFO) BIO_printf (bio_err, "Certificate bag\n");
		if (options & NOCERTS) return 1;
                if (PKCS12_get_attr(bag, NID_localKeyID)) {
			if (options & CACERTS) return 1;
		} else if (options & CLCERTS) return 1;
		print_attribs (out, bag->attrib, "Bag Attributes");
		if (M_PKCS12_cert_bag_type(bag) != NID_x509Certificate )
								 return 1;
		if (!(x509 = M_PKCS12_certbag2x509(bag))) return 0;
		dump_cert_text (out, x509);
		PEM_write_bio_X509 (out, x509);
		X509_free(x509);
	break;

	case NID_safeContentsBag:
		if (options & INFO) BIO_printf (bio_err, "Safe Contents bag\n");
		print_attribs (out, bag->attrib, "Bag Attributes");
		return dump_certs_pkeys_bags (out, bag->value.safes, pass,
							    passlen, options);
					
	default:
		BIO_printf (bio_err, "Warning unsupported bag type: ");
		i2a_ASN1_OBJECT (bio_err, bag->type);
		BIO_printf (bio_err, "\n");
		return 1;
	break;
	}
	return 1;
}

/* Given a single certificate return a verified chain or NULL if error */

/* Hope this is OK .... */

int get_cert_chain (X509 *cert, STACK_OF(X509) **chain)
{
	X509_STORE *store;
	X509_STORE_CTX store_ctx;
	STACK_OF(X509) *chn;
	int i;
	X509 *x;
	store = X509_STORE_new ();
	X509_STORE_set_default_paths (store);
	X509_STORE_CTX_init(&store_ctx, store, cert, NULL);
	if (X509_verify_cert(&store_ctx) <= 0) {
		i = X509_STORE_CTX_get_error (&store_ctx);
		goto err;
	}
	chn =  sk_X509_dup(X509_STORE_CTX_get_chain (&store_ctx));
	for (i = 0; i < sk_X509_num(chn); i++) {
		x = sk_X509_value(chn, i);
		CRYPTO_add(&x->references,1,CRYPTO_LOCK_X509);
	}
	i = 0;
	*chain = chn;
err:
	X509_STORE_CTX_cleanup(&store_ctx);
	X509_STORE_free(store);
	
	return i;
}	

int alg_print (BIO *x, X509_ALGOR *alg)
{
	PBEPARAM *pbe;
	unsigned char *p;
	p = alg->parameter->value.sequence->data;
	pbe = d2i_PBEPARAM (NULL, &p, alg->parameter->value.sequence->length);
	BIO_printf (bio_err, "%s, Iteration %d\n", 
	OBJ_nid2ln(OBJ_obj2nid(alg->algorithm)), ASN1_INTEGER_get(pbe->iter));
	PBEPARAM_free (pbe);
	return 0;
}

/* Load all certificates from a given file */

int cert_load(BIO *in, STACK_OF(X509) *sk)
{
	int ret;
	X509 *cert;
	ret = 0;
	while((cert = PEM_read_bio_X509(in, NULL, NULL, NULL))) {
		ret = 1;
		sk_X509_push(sk, cert);
	}
	if(ret) ERR_clear_error();
	return ret;
}

/* Generalised attribute print: handle PKCS#8 and bag attributes */

int print_attribs (BIO *out, STACK_OF(X509_ATTRIBUTE) *attrlst, char *name)
{
	X509_ATTRIBUTE *attr;
	ASN1_TYPE *av;
	char *value;
	int i, attr_nid;
	if(!attrlst) {
		BIO_printf(out, "%s: <No Attributes>\n", name);
		return 1;
	}
	if(!sk_X509_ATTRIBUTE_num(attrlst)) {
		BIO_printf(out, "%s: <Empty Attributes>\n", name);
		return 1;
	}
	BIO_printf(out, "%s\n", name);
	for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_ATTRIBUTE_num(attrlst); i++) {
		attr = sk_X509_ATTRIBUTE_value(attrlst, i);
		attr_nid = OBJ_obj2nid(attr->object);
		BIO_printf(out, "    ");
		if(attr_nid == NID_undef) {
			i2a_ASN1_OBJECT (out, attr->object);
			BIO_printf(out, ": ");
		} else BIO_printf(out, "%s: ", OBJ_nid2ln(attr_nid));

		if(sk_ASN1_TYPE_num(attr->value.set)) {
			av = sk_ASN1_TYPE_value(attr->value.set, 0);
			switch(av->type) {
				case V_ASN1_BMPSTRING:
        			value = uni2asc(av->value.bmpstring->data,
                                	       av->value.bmpstring->length);
				BIO_printf(out, "%s\n", value);
				Free(value);
				break;

				case V_ASN1_OCTET_STRING:
				hex_prin(out, av->value.bit_string->data,
					av->value.bit_string->length);
				BIO_printf(out, "\n");	
				break;

				case V_ASN1_BIT_STRING:
				hex_prin(out, av->value.octet_string->data,
					av->value.octet_string->length);
				BIO_printf(out, "\n");	
				break;

				default:
					BIO_printf(out, "<Unsupported tag %d>\n", av->type);
				break;
			}
		} else BIO_printf(out, "<No Values>\n");
	}
	return 1;
}

void hex_prin(BIO *out, unsigned char *buf, int len)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) BIO_printf (out, "%02X ", buf[i]);
}