diff --git a/CHANGES b/CHANGES
index f234afa9e5..df556aae46 100644
--- a/CHANGES
+++ b/CHANGES
@@ -14,12 +14,17 @@
      to avoid a timing attack. Applications that don't want it can call
      RSA_blinding_off() or use the new flag RSA_FLAG_NO_BLINDING.
      They would be ill-advised to do so in most cases.
-     [Ben Laurie, Steve Henson, Geoff Thorpe]
+     [Ben Laurie, Steve Henson, Geoff Thorpe, Bodo Moeller]
 
   *) Change RSA blinding code so that it works when the PRNG is not
      seeded (in this case, the secret RSA exponent is abused as
      an unpredictable seed -- if it is not unpredictable, there
-     is no point in blinding anyway).
+     is no point in blinding anyway).  Make RSA blinding thread-safe
+     by remembering the creator's thread ID in rsa->blinding and
+     having all other threads use local one-time blinding factors
+     (this requires more computation than sharing rsa->blinding, but
+     avoids excessive locking; and if an RSA object is not shared
+     between threads, blinding will still be very fast).
      [Bodo Moeller]
 
  Changes between 0.9.6h and 0.9.6i  [19 Feb 2003]
diff --git a/crypto/bn/bn.h b/crypto/bn/bn.h
index c0d6b1612d..74b7347523 100644
--- a/crypto/bn/bn.h
+++ b/crypto/bn/bn.h
@@ -259,6 +259,8 @@ typedef struct bn_blinding_st
 	BIGNUM *A;
 	BIGNUM *Ai;
 	BIGNUM *mod; /* just a reference */
+	unsigned long thread_id; /* added in OpenSSL 0.9.6j and 0.9.7b;
+				  * used only by crypto/rsa/rsa_eay.c, rsa_lib.c */
 	} BN_BLINDING;
 
 /* Used for montgomery multiplication */
diff --git a/crypto/rsa/rsa.h b/crypto/rsa/rsa.h
index 6844ee9d28..ffe00aeadc 100644
--- a/crypto/rsa/rsa.h
+++ b/crypto/rsa/rsa.h
@@ -336,6 +336,7 @@ void ERR_load_RSA_strings(void);
 #define RSA_R_DMP1_NOT_CONGRUENT_TO_D			 124
 #define RSA_R_DMQ1_NOT_CONGRUENT_TO_D			 125
 #define RSA_R_D_E_NOT_CONGRUENT_TO_1			 123
+#define RSA_R_INTERNAL_ERROR				 133
 #define RSA_R_INVALID_MESSAGE_LENGTH			 131
 #define RSA_R_IQMP_NOT_INVERSE_OF_Q			 126
 #define RSA_R_KEY_SIZE_TOO_SMALL			 120
diff --git a/crypto/rsa/rsa_eay.c b/crypto/rsa/rsa_eay.c
index e5f23fd684..866406406b 100644
--- a/crypto/rsa/rsa_eay.c
+++ b/crypto/rsa/rsa_eay.c
@@ -209,6 +209,40 @@ static int rsa_eay_blinding(RSA *rsa, BN_CTX *ctx)
 			err_instr \
 	} while(0)
 
+static BN_BLINDING *setup_blinding(RSA *rsa, BN_CTX *ctx)
+	{
+	BIGNUM *A, *Ai;
+	BN_BLINDING *ret = NULL;
+
+	/* added in OpenSSL 0.9.6j and 0.9.7b */
+
+	/* NB: similar code appears in RSA_blinding_on (rsa_lib.c);
+	 * this should be placed in a new function of its own, but for reasons
+	 * of binary compatibility can't */
+
+	BN_CTX_start(ctx);
+	A = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+	if ((RAND_status() == 0) && rsa->d != NULL && rsa->d->d != NULL)
+		{
+		/* if PRNG is not properly seeded, resort to secret exponent as unpredictable seed */
+		RAND_add(rsa->d->d, rsa->d->dmax * sizeof rsa->d->d[0], 0);
+		if (!BN_pseudo_rand_range(A,rsa->n)) goto err;
+		}
+	else
+		{
+		if (!BN_rand_range(A,rsa->n)) goto err;
+		}
+	if ((Ai=BN_mod_inverse(NULL,A,rsa->n,ctx)) == NULL) goto err;
+
+	if (!rsa->meth->bn_mod_exp(A,A,rsa->e,rsa->n,ctx,rsa->_method_mod_n))
+		goto err;
+	ret = BN_BLINDING_new(A,Ai,rsa->n);
+	BN_free(Ai);
+err:
+	BN_CTX_end(ctx);
+	return ret;
+	}
+
 /* signing */
 static int RSA_eay_private_encrypt(int flen, unsigned char *from,
 	     unsigned char *to, RSA *rsa, int padding)
@@ -217,6 +251,8 @@ static int RSA_eay_private_encrypt(int flen, unsigned char *from,
 	int i,j,k,num=0,r= -1;
 	unsigned char *buf=NULL;
 	BN_CTX *ctx=NULL;
+	int local_blinding = 0;
+	BN_BLINDING *blinding = NULL;
 
 	BN_init(&f);
 	BN_init(&ret);
@@ -254,9 +290,38 @@ static int RSA_eay_private_encrypt(int flen, unsigned char *from,
 		}
 
 	BLINDING_HELPER(rsa, ctx, goto err;);
-
+	blinding = rsa->blinding;
+	
+	/* Now unless blinding is disabled, 'blinding' is non-NULL.
+	 * But the BN_BLINDING object may be owned by some other thread
+	 * (we don't want to keep it constant and we don't want to use
+	 * lots of locking to avoid race conditions, so only a single
+	 * thread can use it; other threads have to use local blinding
+	 * factors) */
 	if (!(rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_NO_BLINDING))
-		if (!BN_BLINDING_convert(&f,rsa->blinding,ctx)) goto err;
+		{
+		if (blinding == NULL)
+			{
+			RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_ENCRYPT, RSA_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
+			goto err;
+			}
+		}
+	
+	if (blinding != NULL)
+		{
+		if (blinding->thread_id != CRYPTO_thread_id())
+			{
+			/* we need a local one-time blinding factor */
+
+			blinding = setup_blinding(rsa, ctx);
+			if (blinding == NULL)
+				goto err;
+			local_blinding = 1;
+			}
+		}
+
+	if (blinding)
+		if (!BN_BLINDING_convert(&f, blinding, ctx)) goto err;
 
 	if ( (rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_EXT_PKEY) ||
 		((rsa->p != NULL) &&
@@ -270,8 +335,8 @@ static int RSA_eay_private_encrypt(int flen, unsigned char *from,
 		if (!rsa->meth->bn_mod_exp(&ret,&f,rsa->d,rsa->n,ctx,NULL)) goto err;
 		}
 
-	if (!(rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_NO_BLINDING))
-		if (!BN_BLINDING_invert(&ret,rsa->blinding,ctx)) goto err;
+	if (blinding)
+		if (!BN_BLINDING_invert(&ret, blinding, ctx)) goto err;
 
 	/* put in leading 0 bytes if the number is less than the
 	 * length of the modulus */
@@ -285,6 +350,8 @@ err:
 	if (ctx != NULL) BN_CTX_free(ctx);
 	BN_clear_free(&ret);
 	BN_clear_free(&f);
+	if (local_blinding)
+		BN_BLINDING_free(blinding);
 	if (buf != NULL)
 		{
 		OPENSSL_cleanse(buf,num);
@@ -301,6 +368,8 @@ static int RSA_eay_private_decrypt(int flen, unsigned char *from,
 	unsigned char *p;
 	unsigned char *buf=NULL;
 	BN_CTX *ctx=NULL;
+	int local_blinding = 0;
+	BN_BLINDING *blinding = NULL;
 
 	BN_init(&f);
 	BN_init(&ret);
@@ -333,9 +402,38 @@ static int RSA_eay_private_decrypt(int flen, unsigned char *from,
 		}
 
 	BLINDING_HELPER(rsa, ctx, goto err;);
-
+	blinding = rsa->blinding;
+	
+	/* Now unless blinding is disabled, 'blinding' is non-NULL.
+	 * But the BN_BLINDING object may be owned by some other thread
+	 * (we don't want to keep it constant and we don't want to use
+	 * lots of locking to avoid race conditions, so only a single
+	 * thread can use it; other threads have to use local blinding
+	 * factors) */
 	if (!(rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_NO_BLINDING))
-		if (!BN_BLINDING_convert(&f,rsa->blinding,ctx)) goto err;
+		{
+		if (blinding == NULL)
+			{
+			RSAerr(RSA_F_RSA_EAY_PRIVATE_DECRYPT, RSA_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
+			goto err;
+			}
+		}
+	
+	if (blinding != NULL)
+		{
+		if (blinding->thread_id != CRYPTO_thread_id())
+			{
+			/* we need a local one-time blinding factor */
+
+			blinding = setup_blinding(rsa, ctx);
+			if (blinding == NULL)
+				goto err;
+			local_blinding = 1;
+			}
+		}
+
+	if (blinding)
+		if (!BN_BLINDING_convert(&f, blinding, ctx)) goto err;
 
 	/* do the decrypt */
 	if ( (rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_EXT_PKEY) ||
@@ -351,8 +449,8 @@ static int RSA_eay_private_decrypt(int flen, unsigned char *from,
 			goto err;
 		}
 
-	if (!(rsa->flags & RSA_FLAG_NO_BLINDING))
-		if (!BN_BLINDING_invert(&ret,rsa->blinding,ctx)) goto err;
+	if (blinding)
+		if (!BN_BLINDING_invert(&ret, blinding, ctx)) goto err;
 
 	p=buf;
 	j=BN_bn2bin(&ret,p); /* j is only used with no-padding mode */
diff --git a/crypto/rsa/rsa_err.c b/crypto/rsa/rsa_err.c
index bff7cf5d12..be10200de1 100644
--- a/crypto/rsa/rsa_err.c
+++ b/crypto/rsa/rsa_err.c
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* crypto/rsa/rsa_err.c */
 /* ====================================================================
- * Copyright (c) 1999 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2003 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ static ERR_STRING_DATA RSA_str_reasons[]=
 {RSA_R_DMP1_NOT_CONGRUENT_TO_D           ,"dmp1 not congruent to d"},
 {RSA_R_DMQ1_NOT_CONGRUENT_TO_D           ,"dmq1 not congruent to d"},
 {RSA_R_D_E_NOT_CONGRUENT_TO_1            ,"d e not congruent to 1"},
+{RSA_R_INTERNAL_ERROR                    ,"internal error"},
 {RSA_R_INVALID_MESSAGE_LENGTH            ,"invalid message length"},
 {RSA_R_IQMP_NOT_INVERSE_OF_Q             ,"iqmp not inverse of q"},
 {RSA_R_KEY_SIZE_TOO_SMALL                ,"key size too small"},
diff --git a/crypto/rsa/rsa_lib.c b/crypto/rsa/rsa_lib.c
index d6854591f6..d7d36d2019 100644
--- a/crypto/rsa/rsa_lib.c
+++ b/crypto/rsa/rsa_lib.c
@@ -273,6 +273,10 @@ int RSA_blinding_on(RSA *rsa, BN_CTX *p_ctx)
 	if (rsa->blinding != NULL)
 		BN_BLINDING_free(rsa->blinding);
 
+	/* NB: similar code appears in setup_blinding (rsa_eay.c);
+	 * this should be placed in a new function of its own, but for reasons
+	 * of binary compatibility can't */
+
 	BN_CTX_start(ctx);
 	A = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
 	if ((RAND_status() == 0) && rsa->d != NULL && rsa->d->d != NULL)
@@ -288,8 +292,11 @@ int RSA_blinding_on(RSA *rsa, BN_CTX *p_ctx)
 	if ((Ai=BN_mod_inverse(NULL,A,rsa->n,ctx)) == NULL) goto err;
 
 	if (!rsa->meth->bn_mod_exp(A,A,rsa->e,rsa->n,ctx,rsa->_method_mod_n))
-	    goto err;
-	rsa->blinding=BN_BLINDING_new(A,Ai,rsa->n);
+		goto err;
+	if ((rsa->blinding=BN_BLINDING_new(A,Ai,rsa->n)) == NULL) goto err;
+	/* to make things thread-safe without excessive locking,
+	 * rsa->blinding will be used just by the current thread: */
+	rsa->blinding->thread_id = CRYPTO_thread_id();
 	rsa->flags |= RSA_FLAG_BLINDING;
 	rsa->flags &= ~RSA_FLAG_NO_BLINDING;
 	BN_free(Ai);
diff --git a/util/mkerr.pl b/util/mkerr.pl
index 449aa57bba..4eca98689f 100644
--- a/util/mkerr.pl
+++ b/util/mkerr.pl
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ EOF
 	print OUT <<"EOF";
 /* $cfile */
 /* ====================================================================
- * Copyright (c) 1999-2002 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 1999-2003 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
  *
  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions