e817315702
With Unixly Makefiles as well as with nmake, make variables are transferred to the shell running the commands as envinronment variables. This principle doesn't apply with MMS, so we must explicitely define VERBOSE as commands when it's needed. Reviewed-by: Rich Salz <rsalz@openssl.org>
653 lines
25 KiB
Text
653 lines
25 KiB
Text
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OPENSSL INSTALLATION
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--------------------
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[This document describes installation on the main supported operating
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systems, currently the Linux/Unix family, OpenVMS and Windows.
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Installation on DOS (with djgpp), MacOS (before MacOS X)
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is described in INSTALL.DJGPP or INSTALL.MacOS, respectively.]
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To install OpenSSL, you will need:
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* make
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* Perl 5 with core modules (please read README.PERL)
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* The perl module Text::Template (please read README.PERL)
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* an ANSI C compiler
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* a development environment in the form of development libraries and C
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header files
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* a supported operating system
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For additional platform specific requirements and other details,
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please read one of these:
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* NOTES.VMS (OpenVMS)
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* NOTES.WIN (any Windows except for Windows CE)
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Quick Start
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-----------
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If you want to just get on with it, do:
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on Unix:
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$ ./config
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$ make
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$ make test
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$ make install
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on OpenVMS:
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$ @config
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$ mms
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$ mms test
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$ mms install
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on Windows (only pick one of the targets for configuration):
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$ perl Configure { VC-WIN32 | VC-WIN64A | VC-WIN64I | VC-CE }
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$ nmake
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$ nmake test
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$ nmake install
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[If any of these steps fails, see section Installation in Detail below.]
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This will build and install OpenSSL in the default location, which is:
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Unix: normal installation directories under /usr/local
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OpenVMS: SYS$COMMON:[OPENSSL-'version'...], where 'version' is the
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OpenSSL version number with underscores instead of periods.
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Windows: C:\Program Files\OpenSSL or C:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSL
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If you want to install it anywhere else, run config like this:
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On Unix:
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$ ./config --prefix=/opt/openssl --openssldir=/usr/local/ssl
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On OpenVMS:
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$ @config --prefix=PROGRAM:[INSTALLS] --openssldir=SYS$MANAGER:[OPENSSL]
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Configuration Options
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---------------------
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There are several options to ./config (or ./Configure) to customize
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the build (note that for Windows, the defaults for --prefix and
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--openssldir depend in what configuration is used and what Windows
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implementation OpenSSL is built on. More notes on this in NOTES.WIN):
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--prefix=DIR
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The top of the installation directory tree. Defaults are:
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Unix: /usr/local
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Windows: C:\Program Files\OpenSSL
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or C:\Program Files (x86)\OpenSSL
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OpenVMS: SYS$COMMON:[OPENSSL-'version']
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--openssldir=DIR
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Directory for OpenSSL configuration files, and also the
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default certificate and key store. Defaults are:
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Unix: /usr/local/ssl
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Windows: C:\Program Files\Common Files\SSL
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or C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\SSL
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OpenVMS: SYS$COMMON:[OPENSSL-COMMON]
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--api=x.y.z
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Don't build with support for deprecated APIs below the
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specified version number. For example "--api=1.1.0" will
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remove support for all APIS that were deprecated in OpenSSL
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version 1.1.0 or below.
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no-afalgeng
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Don't build the AFALG engine. This option will be forced if
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on a platform that does not support AFALG.
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no-asm
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Do not use assembler code. On some platforms a small amount
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of assembler code may still be used.
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no-async
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Do not build support for async operations.
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no-autoalginit
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Don't automatically load all supported ciphers and digests.
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Typically OpenSSL will make available all of its supported
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ciphers and digests. For a statically linked application this
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may be undesirable if small executable size is an objective.
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This only affects libcrypto. Ciphers and digests will have to
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be loaded manually using EVP_add_cipher() and
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EVP_add_digest() if this option is used. This option will
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force a non-shared build.
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no-autoerrinit
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Don't automatically load all libcrypto/libssl error strings.
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Typically OpenSSL will automatically load human readable
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error strings. For a statically linked application this may
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be undesirable if small executable size is an objective.
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no-capieng
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Don't build the CAPI engine. This option will be forced if
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on a platform that does not support CAPI.
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no-cms
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Don't build support for CMS features
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no-comp
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Don't build support for SSL/TLS compression. If this option
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is left enabled (the default), then compression will only
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work if the zlib or zlib-dynamic options are also chosen.
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enable-crypto-mdebug
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Build support for debugging memory allocated via
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OPENSSL_malloc() or OPENSSL_zalloc().
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enable-crypto-mdebug-backtrace
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As for crypto-mdebug, but additionally provide backtrace
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information for allocated memory.
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no-ct
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Don't build support for Certificate Transparency.
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no-deprecated
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Don't build with support for any deprecated APIs. This is the
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same as using "--api" and supplying the latest version
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number.
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no-dgram
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Don't build support for datagram based BIOs. Selecting this
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option will also force the disabling of DTLS.
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no-dso
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Don't build support for loading Dynamic Shared Objects.
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no-dynamic-engine
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Don't build the dynamically loaded engines. This only has an
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effect in a "shared" build
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no-ec
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Don't build support for Elliptic Curves.
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no-ec2m
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Don't build support for binary Elliptic Curves
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enable-ec_nistp_64_gcc_128
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Enable support for optimised implementations of some commonly
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used NIST elliptic curves. This is only supported on some
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platforms.
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enable-egd
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Build support for gathering entropy from EGD (Entropy
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Gathering Daemon).
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no-engine
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Don't build support for loading engines.
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no-err
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Don't compile in any error strings.
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no-filenames
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Don't compile in filename and line number information (e.g.
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for errors and memory allocation).
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no-gost
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Don't build support for GOST based ciphersuites. Note that
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if this feature is enabled then GOST ciphersuites are only
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available if the GOST algorithms are also available through
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loading an externally supplied engine.
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enable-heartbeats
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Build support for DTLS heartbeats.
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no-hw-padlock
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Don't build the padlock engine.
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no-makedepend
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Don't generate dependencies.
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no-multiblock
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Don't build support for writing multiple records in one
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go in libssl (Note: this is a different capability to the
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pipelining functionality).
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no-nextprotoneg
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Don't build support for the NPN TLS extension.
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no-ocsp
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Don't build support for OCSP.
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no-pic
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Don't build with support for Position Independent Code.
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no-posix-io
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Don't use POSIX IO capabilities.
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no-psk
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Don't build support for Pre-Shared Key based ciphersuites.
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no-rdrand
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Don't use hardware RDRAND capabilities.
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no-rfc3779
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Don't build support for RFC3779 ("X.509 Extensions for IP
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Addresses and AS Identifiers")
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sctp
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Build support for SCTP
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no-shared
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Do not create shared libraries, only static ones. See "Note
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on shared libraries" below.
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no-sock
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Don't build support for socket BIOs
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no-srp
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Don't build support for SRP or SRP based ciphersuites.
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no-srtp
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Don't build SRTP support
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no-sse2
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Exclude SSE2 code paths. Normally SSE2 extension is
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detected at run-time, but the decision whether or not the
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machine code will be executed is taken solely on CPU
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capability vector. This means that if you happen to run OS
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kernel which does not support SSE2 extension on Intel P4
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processor, then your application might be exposed to
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"illegal instruction" exception. There might be a way
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to enable support in kernel, e.g. FreeBSD kernel can be
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compiled with CPU_ENABLE_SSE, and there is a way to
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disengage SSE2 code pathes upon application start-up,
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but if you aim for wider "audience" running such kernel,
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consider no-sse2. Both the 386 and no-asm options imply
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no-sse2.
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enable-ssl-trace
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Build with the SSL Trace capabilities (adds the "-trace"
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option to s_client and s_server).
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no-static-engine
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Don't build the statically linked engines. This only
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has an impact when not built "shared".
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no-stdio
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Don't use any C "stdio" features. Only libcrypto and libssl
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can be built in this way. Using this option will suppress
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building the command line applications. Additionally since
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the OpenSSL tests also use the command line applications the
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tests will also be skipped.
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no-threads
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Don't try to build with support for multi-threaded
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applications.
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threads
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Build with support for multi-threaded applications. Most
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platforms will enable this by default. However if on a
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platform where this is not the case then this will usually
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require additional system-dependent options! See "Note on
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multi-threading" below.
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no-ts
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Don't build Time Stamping Authority support.
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no-ui
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Don't build with the "UI" capability (i.e. the set of
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features enabling text based prompts).
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enable-unit-test
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Enable additional unit test APIs. This should not typically
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be used in production deployments.
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enable-weak-ssl-ciphers
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Build support for SSL/TLS ciphers that are considered "weak"
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(e.g. RC4 based ciphersuites).
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zlib
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Build with support for zlib compression/decompression.
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zlib-dynamic
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Like "zlib", but has OpenSSL load the zlib library
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dynamically when needed. This is only supported on systems
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where loading of shared libraries is supported.
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386
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On Intel hardware, use the 80386 instruction set only
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(the default x86 code is more efficient, but requires at
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least a 486). Note: Use compiler flags for any other CPU
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specific configuration, e.g. "-m32" to build x86 code on
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an x64 system.
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no-<prot>
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Don't build support for negotiating the specified SSL/TLS
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protocol (one of ssl, ssl3, tls, tls1, tls1_1, tls1_2, dtls,
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dtls1 or dtls1_2). If "no-tls" is selected then all of tls1,
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tls1_1 and tls1_2 are disabled. Similarly "no-dtls" will
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disable dtls1 and dtls1_2. The "no-ssl" option is synonymous
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with "no-ssl3". Note this only affects version negotiation.
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OpenSSL will still provide the methods for applications to
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explicitly select the individual protocol versions.
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no-<prot>-method
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As for no-<prot> but in addition do not build the methods for
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applications to explicitly select individual protocol
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versions.
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enable-<alg>
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Build with support for the specified algorithm, where <alg>
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is one of: md2 or rc5.
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no-<alg>
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Build without support for the specified algorithm, where
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<alg> is one of: bf, blake2, camellia, cast, chacha, cmac,
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des, dh, dsa, ecdh, ecdsa, idea, md4, md5, mdc2, ocb,
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ploy1305, rc2, rc4, rmd160, scrypt, seed or whirlpool. The
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"ripemd" algorithm is deprecated and if used is synonymous
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with rmd160.
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-Dxxx, -lxxx, -Lxxx, -fxxx, -mXXX, -Kxxx
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These system specific options will be passed through to the
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compiler to allow you to define preprocessor symbols, specify
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additional libraries, library directories or other compiler
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options.
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Installation in Detail
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----------------------
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1a. Configure OpenSSL for your operation system automatically:
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NOTE: This is not available on Windows.
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$ ./config [options] # Unix
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or
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$ @config [options] ! OpenVMS
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For the remainder of this text, the Unix form will be used in all
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examples, please use the appropriate form for your platform.
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This guesses at your operating system (and compiler, if necessary) and
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configures OpenSSL based on this guess. Run ./config -t to see
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if it guessed correctly. If you want to use a different compiler, you
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are cross-compiling for another platform, or the ./config guess was
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wrong for other reasons, go to step 1b. Otherwise go to step 2.
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On some systems, you can include debugging information as follows:
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$ ./config -d [options]
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1b. Configure OpenSSL for your operating system manually
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OpenSSL knows about a range of different operating system, hardware and
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compiler combinations. To see the ones it knows about, run
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$ ./Configure # Unix
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or
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$ perl Configure # All other platforms
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For the remainder of this text, the Unix form will be used in all
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examples, please use the appropriate form for your platform.
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Pick a suitable name from the list that matches your system. For most
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operating systems there is a choice between using "cc" or "gcc". When
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you have identified your system (and if necessary compiler) use this name
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as the argument to Configure. For example, a "linux-elf" user would
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run:
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$ ./Configure linux-elf [options]
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If your system isn't listed, you will have to create a configuration
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file named Configurations/{something}.conf and add the correct
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configuration for your system. See the available configs as examples
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and read Configurations/README and Configurations/README.design for
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more information.
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The generic configurations "cc" or "gcc" should usually work on 32 bit
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Unix-like systems.
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Configure creates a build file ("Makefile" on Unix and "descrip.mms"
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on OpenVMS) from a suitable template in Configurations, and
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defines various macros in crypto/opensslconf.h (generated from
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crypto/opensslconf.h.in).
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1c. Configure OpenSSL for building outside of the source tree.
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OpenSSL can be configured to build in a build directory separate from
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the directory with the source code. It's done by placing yourself in
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some other directory and invoking the configuration commands from
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there.
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Unix example:
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$ mkdir /var/tmp/openssl-build
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$ cd /var/tmp/openssl-build
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$ /PATH/TO/OPENSSL/SOURCE/config [options]
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or
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$ /PATH/TO/OPENSSL/SOURCE/Configure [target] [options]
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OpenVMS example:
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$ set default sys$login:
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$ create/dir [.tmp.openssl-build]
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$ set default [.tmp.openssl-build]
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$ @[PATH.TO.OPENSSL.SOURCE]config {options}
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or
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$ @[PATH.TO.OPENSSL.SOURCE]Configure {target} {options}
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Windows example:
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$ C:
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$ mkdir \temp-openssl
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$ cd \temp-openssl
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$ perl d:\PATH\TO\OPENSSL\SOURCE\Configure {target} {options}
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Paths can be relative just as well as absolute. Configure will
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do its best to translate them to relative paths whenever possible.
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2. Build OpenSSL by running:
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$ make # Unix
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$ mms ! (or mmk) OpenVMS
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$ nmake # Windows
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This will build the OpenSSL libraries (libcrypto.a and libssl.a on
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Unix, corresponding on other platforms) and the OpenSSL binary
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("openssl"). The libraries will be built in the top-level directory,
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and the binary will be in the "apps" subdirectory.
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If the build fails, look at the output. There may be reasons for
|
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the failure that aren't problems in OpenSSL itself (like missing
|
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standard headers). If it is a problem with OpenSSL itself, please
|
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report the problem to <rt@openssl.org> (note that your message
|
|
will be recorded in the request tracker publicly readable at
|
|
https://www.openssl.org/community/index.html#bugs and will be
|
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forwarded to a public mailing list). Please check out the request
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tracker. Maybe the bug was already reported or has already been
|
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fixed.
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[If you encounter assembler error messages, try the "no-asm"
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configuration option as an immediate fix.]
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Compiling parts of OpenSSL with gcc and others with the system
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compiler will result in unresolved symbols on some systems.
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3. After a successful build, the libraries should be tested. Run:
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$ make test # Unix
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$ mms test ! OpenVMS
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$ nmake test # Windows
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If some tests fail, look at the output. There may be reasons for
|
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the failure that isn't a problem in OpenSSL itself (like a
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malfunction with Perl). You may want increased verbosity, that
|
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can be accomplished like this:
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$ make VERBOSE=1 test # Unix
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$ mms /macro=(VERBOSE=1) test ! OpenVMS
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$ nmake VERBOSE=1 test # Windows
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If you want to run just one or a few specific tests, you can use
|
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the make variable TESTS to specify them, like this:
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$ make TESTS='test_rsa test_dsa' test # Unix
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$ mms/macro="TESTS=test_rsa test_dsa" test ! OpenVMS
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$ nmake TESTS='test_rsa test_dsa' test # Windows
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And of course, you can combine (Unix example shown):
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$ make VERBOSE=1 TESTS='test_rsa test_dsa' test
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You can find the list of available tests like this:
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$ make list-tests # Unix
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$ mms list-tests ! OpenVMS
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$ nmake list-tests # Windows
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Have a look at the manual for the perl module Test::Harness to
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see what other HARNESS_* variables there are.
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If you find a problem with OpenSSL itself, try removing any
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compiler optimization flags from the CFLAGS line in Makefile and
|
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run "make clean; make" or corresponding.
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Please send a bug reports to <rt@openssl.org>.
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4. If everything tests ok, install OpenSSL with
|
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$ make install # Unix
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$ mms install ! OpenVMS
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This will install all the software components in this directory
|
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tree under PREFIX (the directory given with --prefix or its
|
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default):
|
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Unix:
|
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bin/ Contains the openssl binary and a few other
|
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utility scripts.
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include/openssl
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Contains the header files needed if you want
|
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to build your own programs that use libcrypto
|
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or libssl.
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lib Contains the OpenSSL library files.
|
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lib/engines Contains the OpenSSL dynamically loadable engines.
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share/man/{man1,man3,man5,man7}
|
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Contains the OpenSSL man-pages.
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share/doc/openssl/html/{man1,man3,man5,man7}
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Contains the HTML rendition of the man-pages.
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OpenVMS ('arch' is replaced with the architecture name, "Alpha"
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or "ia64"):
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[.EXE.'arch'] Contains the openssl binary and a few other
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utility scripts.
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[.include.openssl]
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Contains the header files needed if you want
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to build your own programs that use libcrypto
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or libssl.
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[.LIB.'arch'] Contains the OpenSSL library files.
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[.ENGINES.'arch']
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Contains the OpenSSL dynamically loadable engines.
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[.SYS$STARTUP] Contains startup, login and shutdown scripts.
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These define appropriate logical names and
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command symbols.
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Additionally, install will add the following directories under
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OPENSSLDIR (the directory given with --openssldir or its default)
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for you convenience:
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certs Initially empty, this is the default location
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for certificate files.
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private Initially empty, this is the default location
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for private key files.
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misc Various scripts.
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Package builders who want to configure the library for standard
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locations, but have the package installed somewhere else so that
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it can easily be packaged, can use
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$ make DESTDIR=/tmp/package-root install # Unix
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$ mms/macro="DESTDIR=TMP:[PACKAGE-ROOT]" install ! OpenVMS
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The specified destination directory will be prepended to all
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installation target paths.
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Compatibility issues with previous OpenSSL versions:
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* COMPILING existing applications
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OpenSSL 1.1 hides a number of structures that were previously
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open. This includes all internal libssl structures and a number
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of EVP types. Accessor functions have been added to allow
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controlled access to the structures' data.
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This means that some software needs to be rewritten to adapt to
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the new ways of doing things. This often amounts to allocating
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an instance of a structure explicitly where you could previously
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allocate them on the stack as automatic variables, and using the
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provided accessor functions where you would previously access a
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structure's field directly.
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<TBA>
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Some APIs have changed as well. However, older APIs have been
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preserved when possible.
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Note on multi-threading
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-----------------------
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For some systems, the OpenSSL Configure script knows what compiler options
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are needed to generate a library that is suitable for multi-threaded
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applications. On these systems, support for multi-threading is enabled
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by default; use the "no-threads" option to disable (this should never be
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necessary).
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On other systems, to enable support for multi-threading, you will have
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to specify at least two options: "threads", and a system-dependent option.
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(The latter is "-D_REENTRANT" on various systems.) The default in this
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case, obviously, is not to include support for multi-threading (but
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you can still use "no-threads" to suppress an annoying warning message
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from the Configure script.)
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OpenSSL provides built-in support for two threading models: pthreads (found on
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most UNIX/Linux systems), and Windows threads. No other threading models are
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supported. If your platform does not provide pthreads or Windows threads then
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you should Configure with the "no-threads" option.
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Note on shared libraries
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------------------------
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For most systems the OpenSSL Configure script knows what is needed to
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build shared libraries for libcrypto and libssl. On these systems
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the shared libraries will be created by default. This can be suppressed and
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only static libraries created by using the "no-shared" option. On systems
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where OpenSSL does not know how to build shared libraries the "no-shared"
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option will be forced and only static libraries will be created.
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Note on random number generation
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--------------------------------
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Availability of cryptographically secure random numbers is required for
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secret key generation. OpenSSL provides several options to seed the
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internal PRNG. If not properly seeded, the internal PRNG will refuse
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to deliver random bytes and a "PRNG not seeded error" will occur.
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On systems without /dev/urandom (or similar) device, it may be necessary
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to install additional support software to obtain random seed.
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Please check out the manual pages for RAND_add(), RAND_bytes(), RAND_egd(),
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and the FAQ for more information.
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