506 lines
14 KiB
Perl
Executable file
506 lines
14 KiB
Perl
Executable file
#!/usr/bin/env perl
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# Ascetic x86_64 AT&T to MASM assembler translator by <appro>.
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#
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# Why AT&T to MASM and not vice versa? Several reasons. Because AT&T
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# format is way easier to parse. Because it's simpler to "gear" from
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# Unix ABI to Windows one [see cross-reference "card" at the end of
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# file]. Because Linux targets were available first...
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#
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# In addition the script also "distills" code suitable for GNU
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# assembler, so that it can be compiled with more rigid assemblers,
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# such as Solaris /usr/ccs/bin/as.
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#
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# This translator is not designed to convert *arbitrary* assembler
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# code from AT&T format to MASM one. It's designed to convert just
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# enough to provide for dual-ABI OpenSSL modules development...
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# There *are* limitations and you might have to modify your assembler
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# code or this script to achieve the desired result...
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#
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# Currently recognized limitations:
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#
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# - can't use multiple ops per line;
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# - indirect calls and jumps are not supported;
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#
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# Dual-ABI styling rules.
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#
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# 1. Adhere to Unix register and stack layout [see the end for
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# explanation].
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# 2. Forget about "red zone," stick to more traditional blended
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# stack frame allocation. If volatile storage is actually required
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# that is. If not, just leave the stack as is.
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# 3. Functions tagged with ".type name,@function" get crafted with
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# unified Win64 prologue and epilogue automatically. If you want
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# to take care of ABI differences yourself, tag functions as
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# ".type name,@abi-omnipotent" instead.
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# 4. To optimize the Win64 prologue you can specify number of input
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# arguments as ".type name,@function,N." Keep in mind that if N is
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# larger than 6, then you *have to* write "abi-omnipotent" code,
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# because >6 cases can't be addressed with unified prologue.
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# 5. Name local labels as .L*, do *not* use dynamic labels such as 1:
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# (sorry about latter).
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# 6. Don't use [or hand-code with .byte] "rep ret." "ret" mnemonic is
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# required to identify the spots, where to inject Win64 epilogue!
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# But on the pros, it's then prefixed with rep automatically:-)
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# 7. Due to MASM limitations [and certain general counter-intuitivity
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# of ip-relative addressing] generation of position-independent
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# code is assisted by synthetic directive, .picmeup, which puts
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# address of the *next* instruction into target register.
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#
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# Example 1:
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# .picmeup %rax
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# lea .Label-.(%rax),%rax
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# Example 2:
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# .picmeup %rcx
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# .Lpic_point:
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# ...
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# lea .Label-.Lpic_point(%rcx),%rbp
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my $output = shift;
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open STDOUT,">$output" || die "can't open $output: $!";
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my $masm=1 if ($output =~ /\.asm/);
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my $current_segment;
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my $current_function;
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{ package opcode; # pick up opcodes
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sub re {
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my $self = shift; # single instance in enough...
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local *line = shift;
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undef $ret;
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if ($line =~ /^([a-z]+)/i) {
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$self->{op} = $1;
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$ret = $self;
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$line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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undef $self->{sz};
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if ($self->{op} =~ /(movz)b.*/) { # movz is pain...
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$self->{op} = $1;
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$self->{sz} = "b";
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} elsif ($self->{op} =~ /([a-z]{3,})([qlwb])/) {
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$self->{op} = $1;
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$self->{sz} = $2;
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}
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}
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$ret;
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}
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sub size {
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my $self = shift;
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my $sz = shift;
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$self->{sz} = $sz if (defined($sz) && !defined($self->{sz}));
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$self->{sz};
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}
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sub out {
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my $self = shift;
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if (!$masm) {
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if ($self->{op} eq "movz") { # movz in pain...
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sprintf "%s%s%s",$self->{op},$self->{sz},shift;
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} elsif ($self->{op} eq "ret") {
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".byte 0xf3,0xc3";
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} else {
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"$self->{op}$self->{sz}";
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}
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} else {
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$self->{op} =~ s/movz/movzx/;
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if ($self->{op} eq "ret") {
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$self->{op} = "";
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if ($current_function->{abi} eq "svr4") {
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$self->{op} = "mov rdi,QWORD PTR 8[rsp]\t;WIN64 epilogue\n\t".
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"mov rsi,QWORD PTR 16[rsp]\n\t";
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}
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$self->{op} .= "DB\t0F3h,0C3h\t\t;repret";
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}
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$self->{op};
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}
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}
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}
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{ package const; # pick up constants, which start with $
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sub re {
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my $self = shift; # single instance in enough...
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local *line = shift;
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undef $ret;
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if ($line =~ /^\$([^,]+)/) {
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$self->{value} = $1;
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$ret = $self;
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$line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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}
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$ret;
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}
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sub out {
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my $self = shift;
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if (!$masm) {
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sprintf "\$%s",$self->{value};
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} else {
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$self->{value} =~ s/0x([0-9a-f]+)/0$1h/ig;
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sprintf "%s",$self->{value};
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}
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}
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}
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{ package ea; # pick up effective addresses: expr(%reg,%reg,scale)
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sub re {
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my $self = shift; # single instance in enough...
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local *line = shift;
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undef $ret;
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if ($line =~ /^([^\(,]*)\(([%\w,]+)\)/) {
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$self->{label} = $1;
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($self->{base},$self->{index},$self->{scale})=split(/,/,$2);
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$self->{scale} = 1 if (!defined($self->{scale}));
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$ret = $self;
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$line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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$self->{base} =~ s/^%//;
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$self->{index} =~ s/^%// if (defined($self->{index}));
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}
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$ret;
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}
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sub size {}
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sub out {
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my $self = shift;
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my $sz = shift;
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if (!$masm) {
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# elder GNU assembler insists on 64-bit EAs:-(
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# on pros side, this results in more compact code:-)
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$self->{index} =~ s/^[er](.?[0-9xp])[d]?$/r\1/;
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$self->{base} =~ s/^[er](.?[0-9xp])[d]?$/r\1/;
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# Solaris /usr/ccs/bin/as can't handle multiplications
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# in $self->{label}
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$self->{label} =~ s/(?<![0-9a-f])(0[x0-9a-f]+)/oct($1)/eg;
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$self->{label} =~ s/([0-9]+\s*[\*\/\%]\s*[0-9]+)/eval($1)/eg;
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if (defined($self->{index})) {
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sprintf "%s(%%%s,%%%s,%d)",
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$self->{label},$self->{base},
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$self->{index},$self->{scale};
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} else {
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sprintf "%s(%%%s)", $self->{label},$self->{base};
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}
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} else {
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%szmap = ( b=>"BYTE", w=>"WORD", l=>"DWORD", q=>"QWORD" );
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$self->{label} =~ s/\./\$/g;
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$self->{label} =~ s/0x([0-9a-f]+)/0$1h/ig;
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$self->{label} = "($self->{label})" if ($self->{label} =~ /[\*\+\-\/]/);
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if (defined($self->{index})) {
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sprintf "%s PTR %s[%s*%d+%s]",$szmap{$sz},
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$self->{label},
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$self->{index},$self->{scale},
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$self->{base};
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} else {
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sprintf "%s PTR %s[%s]",$szmap{$sz},
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$self->{label},$self->{base};
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}
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}
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}
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}
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{ package register; # pick up registers, which start with %.
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sub re {
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my $class = shift; # muliple instances...
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my $self = {};
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local *line = shift;
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undef $ret;
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if ($line =~ /^%(\w+)/) {
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bless $self,$class;
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$self->{value} = $1;
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$ret = $self;
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$line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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}
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$ret;
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}
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sub size {
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my $self = shift;
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undef $ret;
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if ($self->{value} =~ /^r[\d]+b$/i) { $ret="b"; }
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elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^r[\d]+w$/i) { $ret="w"; }
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elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^r[\d]+d$/i) { $ret="l"; }
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elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^r[\w]+$/i) { $ret="q"; }
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elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^[a-d][hl]$/i){ $ret="b"; }
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elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^[\w]{2}l$/i) { $ret="b"; }
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elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^[\w]{2}$/i) { $ret="w"; }
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elsif ($self->{value} =~ /^e[a-z]{2}$/i){ $ret="l"; }
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$ret;
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}
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sub out {
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my $self = shift;
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sprintf $masm?"%s":"%%%s",$self->{value};
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}
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}
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{ package label; # pick up labels, which end with :
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sub re {
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my $self = shift; # single instance is enough...
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local *line = shift;
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undef $ret;
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if ($line =~ /(^[\.\w]+\:)/) {
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$self->{value} = $1;
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$ret = $self;
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$line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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$self->{value} =~ s/\.L/\$L/ if ($masm);
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}
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$ret;
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}
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sub out {
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my $self = shift;
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if (!$masm) {
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$self->{value};
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} elsif ($self->{value} ne "$current_function->{name}:") {
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$self->{value};
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} elsif ($current_function->{abi} eq "svr4") {
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my $func = "$current_function->{name} PROC\n".
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" mov QWORD PTR 8[rsp],rdi\t;WIN64 prologue\n".
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" mov QWORD PTR 16[rsp],rsi\n";
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my $narg = $current_function->{narg};
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$narg=6 if (!defined($narg));
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$func .= " mov rdi,rcx\n" if ($narg>0);
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$func .= " mov rsi,rdx\n" if ($narg>1);
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$func .= " mov rdx,r8\n" if ($narg>2);
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$func .= " mov rcx,r9\n" if ($narg>3);
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$func .= " mov r8,QWORD PTR 40[rsp]\n" if ($narg>4);
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$func .= " mov r9,QWORD PTR 48[rsp]\n" if ($narg>5);
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$func .= "\n";
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} else {
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"$current_function->{name} PROC";
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}
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}
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}
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{ package expr; # pick up expressioins
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sub re {
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my $self = shift; # single instance is enough...
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local *line = shift;
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undef $ret;
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if ($line =~ /(^[^,]+)/) {
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$self->{value} = $1;
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$ret = $self;
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$line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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$self->{value} =~ s/\.L/\$L/g if ($masm);
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}
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$ret;
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}
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sub out {
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my $self = shift;
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$self->{value};
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}
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}
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{ package directive; # pick up directives, which start with .
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sub re {
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my $self = shift; # single instance is enough...
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local *line = shift;
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undef $ret;
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my $dir;
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my %opcode = # lea 2f-1f(%rip),%dst; 1: nop; 2:
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( "%rax"=>0x01058d48, "%rcx"=>0x010d8d48,
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"%rdx"=>0x01158d48, "%rbx"=>0x011d8d48,
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"%rsp"=>0x01258d48, "%rbp"=>0x012d8d48,
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"%rsi"=>0x01358d48, "%rdi"=>0x013d8d48,
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"%r8" =>0x01058d4c, "%r9" =>0x010d8d4c,
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"%r10"=>0x01158d4c, "%r11"=>0x011d8d4c,
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"%r12"=>0x01258d4c, "%r13"=>0x012d8d4c,
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"%r14"=>0x01358d4c, "%r15"=>0x013d8d4c );
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if ($line =~ /^\s*(\.\w+)/) {
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if (!$masm) {
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$self->{value} = $1;
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$line =~ s/\@abi\-omnipotent/\@function/;
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$line =~ s/\@function.*/\@function/;
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if ($line =~ /\.picmeup\s+(%r[\w]+)/i) {
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$self->{value} = sprintf "\t.long\t0x%x,0x90000000",$opcode{$1};
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} else {
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$self->{value} = $line;
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}
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$line = "";
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return $self;
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}
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$dir = $1;
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$ret = $self;
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undef $self->{value};
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$line = substr($line,@+[0]); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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SWITCH: for ($dir) {
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/\.(text)/
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&& do { my $v=undef;
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$v="$current_segment\tENDS\n" if ($current_segment);
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$current_segment = "_$1\$";
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$current_segment =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
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$v.="$current_segment\tSEGMENT ALIGN(64) 'CODE'";
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$self->{value} = $v;
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last;
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};
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/\.globl/ && do { $self->{value} = "PUBLIC\t".$line; last; };
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/\.type/ && do { ($sym,$type,$narg) = split(',',$line);
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if ($type eq "\@function") {
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undef $current_function;
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$current_function->{name} = $sym;
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$current_function->{abi} = "svr4";
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$current_function->{narg} = $narg;
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} elsif ($type eq "\@abi-omnipotent") {
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undef $current_function;
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$current_function->{name} = $sym;
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}
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last;
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};
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/\.size/ && do { if (defined($current_function)) {
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$self->{value}="$current_function->{name}\tENDP";
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undef $current_function;
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}
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last;
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};
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/\.align/ && do { $self->{value} = "ALIGN\t".$line; last; };
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/\.(byte|value|long|quad)/
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&& do { my @arr = split(',',$line);
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my $sz = substr($1,0,1);
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my $last = pop(@arr);
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$sz =~ tr/bvlq/BWDQ/;
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$self->{value} = "\tD$sz\t";
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for (@arr) { $self->{value} .= sprintf"0%Xh,",oct; }
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$self->{value} .= sprintf"0%Xh",oct($last);
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last;
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};
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/\.picmeup/ && do { $self->{value} = sprintf"\tDD\t 0%Xh,090000000h",$opcode{$line};
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last;
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};
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}
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$line = "";
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}
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$ret;
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}
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sub out {
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my $self = shift;
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$self->{value};
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}
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}
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while($line=<>) {
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chomp($line);
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$line =~ s|[#!].*$||; # get rid of asm-style comments...
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$line =~ s|/\*.*\*/||; # ... and C-style comments...
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$line =~ s|^\s+||; # ... and skip white spaces in beginning
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undef $label;
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undef $opcode;
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undef $dst;
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undef $src;
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undef $sz;
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if ($label=label->re(\$line)) { print $label->out(); }
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if (directive->re(\$line)) {
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printf "%s",directive->out();
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} elsif ($opcode=opcode->re(\$line)) { ARGUMENT: {
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if ($src=register->re(\$line)) { opcode->size($src->size()); }
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elsif ($src=const->re(\$line)) { }
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elsif ($src=ea->re(\$line)) { }
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elsif ($src=expr->re(\$line)) { }
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last ARGUMENT if ($line !~ /^,/);
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$line = substr($line,1); $line =~ s/^\s+//;
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if ($dst=register->re(\$line)) { opcode->size($dst->size()); }
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elsif ($dst=const->re(\$line)) { }
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elsif ($dst=ea->re(\$line)) { }
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} # ARGUMENT:
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$sz=opcode->size();
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if (defined($dst)) {
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if (!$masm) {
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printf "\t%s\t%s,%s", $opcode->out($dst->size()),
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$src->out($sz),$dst->out($sz);
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} else {
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printf "\t%s\t%s,%s", $opcode->out(),
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$dst->out($sz),$src->out($sz);
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}
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} elsif (defined($src)) {
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printf "\t%s\t%s",$opcode->out(),$src->out($sz);
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} else {
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printf "\t%s",$opcode->out();
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}
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}
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print $line,"\n";
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}
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print "\n$current_segment\tENDS\nEND\n" if ($masm);
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close STDOUT;
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#################################################
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# Cross-reference x86_64 ABI "card"
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#
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# Unix Win64
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# %rax * *
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# %rbx - -
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# %rcx #4 #1
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# %rdx #3 #2
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# %rsi #2 -
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# %rdi #1 -
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# %rbp - -
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# %rsp - -
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# %r8 #5 #3
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# %r9 #6 #4
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# %r10 * *
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# %r11 * *
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# %r12 - -
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# %r13 - -
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# %r14 - -
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|
# %r15 - -
|
|
#
|
|
# (*) volatile register
|
|
# (-) preserved by callee
|
|
# (#) Nth argument, volatile
|
|
#
|
|
# In Unix terms top of stack is argument transfer area for arguments
|
|
# which could not be accomodated in registers. Or in other words 7th
|
|
# [integer] argument resides at 8(%rsp) upon function entry point.
|
|
# 128 bytes above %rsp constitute a "red zone" which is not touched
|
|
# by signal handlers and can be used as temporal storage without
|
|
# allocating a frame.
|
|
#
|
|
# In Win64 terms N*8 bytes on top of stack is argument transfer area,
|
|
# which belongs to/can be overwritten by callee. N is the number of
|
|
# arguments passed to callee, *but* not less than 4! This means that
|
|
# upon function entry point 5th argument resides at 40(%rsp), as well
|
|
# as that 32 bytes from 8(%rsp) can always be used as temporal
|
|
# storage [without allocating a frame].
|
|
#
|
|
# All the above means that if assembler programmer adheres to Unix
|
|
# register and stack layout, but disregards the "red zone" existense,
|
|
# it's possible to use following prologue and epilogue to "gear" from
|
|
# Unix to Win64 ABI in leaf functions with not more than 6 arguments.
|
|
#
|
|
# omnipotent_function:
|
|
# ifdef WIN64
|
|
# movq %rdi,8(%rsp)
|
|
# movq %rsi,16(%rsp)
|
|
# movq %rcx,%rdi ; if 1st argument is actually present
|
|
# movq %rdx,%rsi ; if 2nd argument is actually ...
|
|
# movq %r8,%rdx ; if 3rd argument is ...
|
|
# movq %r9,%rcx ; if 4th argument ...
|
|
# movq 40(%rsp),%r8 ; if 5th ...
|
|
# movq 48(%rsp),%r9 ; if 6th ...
|
|
# endif
|
|
# ...
|
|
# ifdef WIN64
|
|
# movq 8(%rsp),%rdi
|
|
# movq 16(%rsp),%rsi
|
|
# endif
|
|
# ret
|